Cyclopedia of farm animals by Bailey L. H. (Liberty Hyde) 1858-1954 ed

Author:Bailey, L. H. (Liberty Hyde), 1858-1954, ed
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Tags: Domestic animals, Animal products
Publisher: New York, Macmillan
Published: 1922-03-25T05:00:00+00:00

CATTLE

CATTLE

367

Red Polled Cattle. Figs. 49, 382, 383.

By H. A. Martin.

Red Polled cattle are a dual-purpose breed, ranking very highly in both milk- and butter-production.

Description.

In general, the bull is strong, impressive, low-set and of good carriage, and weighs 1,800 to 2,000 pounds, when mature and finished. The cow is of medium wedge-form, low-set, with top and bottom lines straight, except at flank, and weighs 1,300 to 1,500 pounds when mature and finished. The following standard of perfection, adopted by the Red Polled Cattle Club of America, shows what is desirable and undesirable in the breed.

Scale of Points for Red Polled Cattle

For cows

Disqualifications. —Scurs, or any evidence whatever of a horny growth on the head. Any white spots on body above lower line or brush of tail. Perfect

score

1. Color.—Any shade of red. The switch of tail and

udder may be white, with some white running forward to the navel. Nose of a clear flesh color. Interior of ears should be of a yellowish, waxy color 2

Objections: An extreme dark or an extreme light red is not desirable. A cloudy nose or one with dark spots.

2. Head.—Of medium length, wide between the

eyes, sloping gradually from above eyes to poll. The poll well defined and prominent, with a sharp dip behind it in center of head. Ears of medium size and well carried. Eyes prominent ; face well dished between the eyes. Muzzle wide, with large nostrils 6

Objections: A rounding or flat appearance of the poll. Head too long and narrow

3. Neck.—Of medium length, clean cut, and straight

from head to top of shoulder with inclination to arch when fattened, and may show folds of loose skin underneath when in milking form . 3

4. Shoulder.—Of medium thickness and smoothly

laid, coming up level with line of back ... 6

Objections: Shoulder too prominent, giving the appearance of weakness in heart girth; shoulder protruding above line of back.

5. Chest.—Broad and deep, insuring constitution.

Brisket prominent and coming well forward . . 10

6. Back and ribs.—Back medium long, straight

and level from withers to setting-on of tail, moderately wide, with spring of ribs starting from the back-bone, giving a rounding appearance, with ribs flat and fairly wide apart ... 14

Objections: Front ribs too straight, causing depression back of shoulders. Drop in back or loin below the top-line.

7. Hips.—Wide, rounding over the hooks, and well

covered '. 3

8. Quarters.—Of good length, full, rounding and

level; thighs wide, roomy and not too meaty . 6

Objections: Prominent hooks and sunken quarters.

9. Tail. —Tail-head strong and setting well forward,

long and tapering to a full switch 2

10. Legs.—Short, straight, squarely placed, medium

bone 3

Objections: Hocks crooked; legs placed too close together.

Scale of Points for Red Polled Cattle, continued

For cows Perfect

score

11. Fore-udder.—Pull and flexible, reaching well

forward, extending down level with hind-udder 10

12. Hind-udder.—Full and well up behind .... 10

13. Teats.—Well placed, wide apart and of reasona-

bly good size 4

Objections: Lack of development, especially in forward udder. Udder too deep, "bottle shaped" and teats too close together. Teats unevenly placed and either too large or too small.

14. Milk veins. — Of medium

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